Notes.

• Greeks started many things like science lit. drama and many new inventions
• Greeks had a powerful army that took down many powerful forces
• They had a powerful navy
• Famous dudes
• Themistocles
• Herocles
• Socrates( famous philosopher)
• THE GREEKS CRUCIBLE OF CIVILIZATION
• In athens 500 BC people were revolting demanding freedom
• Clystenes was ruler at this time
• He gave these people freedom a first
• He begand the road to becoming a empire when he did this
• He was born aroun 570 BC
• From birth he was taught he was a arisocrat a ruler
• Athens where he grew up was a small town
• Built around a steep sided outcrop of bare rock
• This allowed them to be protected from invaders
• The town housed many trademans and not many people knew how to read or write life expectancy was 15 years not much medecine or science
• The common athenina lived under rule of athenian aristocrats and then the poorer people.
• Aristotle the famous writer said the world was living in unjustice and unfairness
• Athens didn’t grow because aristocrats only wanted to gain power
• Greece
• Doesn’t have the geographical looks to be an empire
• Greece also didn’t have many rivers or plains not useful fro building up a empire
• Greece had many city states
• The corinthians dominated greek trades
• The city sparta had army power
• This was because spartans were raised to be soldiers from birth
• They didn’t have many posessions
• Sparta conquered many regions around greece and threatened greece
• Greece was inspired by many stories and myths
• They picked up these stories from traveling bards who sold stories
• Two famous poems were made by the famous poet homer
• These poems showed heros whos strenght and power brought glory
• Clystenes was brought up with these stories and they shaped him and how he ruled
• He wanted to pursue a life of glory through strenght and get power and victory for him. To be a hero
• Heroditus roder into athens one day and came with a woman named athena claiming she was a goddess
• She want a god but got himr fule
• He gave them loans to build up farms and gave athenians a chance for prosperity
• People began to grow more vines and olives
• This helped people because olives were a very important economical thing
• As production soared athenians found  a big market for these
• Greece was in the middle of many great ancient civlizations so trade was easy
• Everyone wanted to trade for greek olives so they prospered and got many other things
• The consequence of this expansion was that art began and a vase was made
• Back then what was in the vase was more important
• They were made in RLD
• If you were a potter you were down low on the ladder
• Pots were useful for transferring water and thing usally and not art
• Athenians developed art on the pots
• This new style is still astonishing today
• Many greek pots are very valuable
• Greeks made these pots to outdo each other
• Athenians finally tasted freedom
• Clystenes turned Athens into a uinternationl economic power
• He died though
• His son hippias took over and followed his dad at first
• He soon turned into a tyrant rhough
• In 514 BC his bro got whacked
• Hippies behavior changed and then killed both killers and killed wife by torture
• Aristotle described his slide as revenge fro his bros death and he wanted revenge
• There was a tyranny in Athens
• He knew that aristocrats could take his him down
• Clystenes tried to overwthrow hippias to get power for him and his fam
• He made a conspiracy to topple him
• Clystenes was one of the most powerful figuresin athens
• Greek society was changing
• Every one could prosper now
• Olympia
• Here every 4 years greek men would compete
• Began in 1776 BC
• At first only rich people could compete buy by clys times anyone could compete andbe a a hero
• Chariot racing, running, wresting, boxing were included
• No prize but fame through greece
• About 40 k greeks would gather for games
• This was like a civilized way to be a hero
• Many people conspired against clystenes and included igsiorus
• HE WENT out of athens for support to get power
• Called for help from sparta
• He was an old friend of spartans
• The spartans gave him some of their best troops to help take Athens
• He gained control of athens
• He was a tyrant
• After he gained power he went after other cats like clystenes
• Clystenes left the city with a tyrant ruling with help of sparta
• He felt like all his kid stories were a lie and he couldn’t be like a hero and it all led to downfall
• Athens was rocked by an extraordinary event
• The ordinary people of athens revolted and took destiny into their won hands
• They rose up and took athns
• Isagorus and sparta blockaded themelves at the high point of the city but it was no help
• He only survived 2 days and then surrenfdered
• 508 BC
• This was the first step to athens rise to power and glory
• The atenians turned to one new amn now he was clystenes
• He built a government
• He had to build it himself for a new situation
• He had to give his citizens a say in their future
• He had a meeting place built on a athenians hillside and the citizrns of athen soculd come discuss future of athens
• Clystenes implemente dvoting by white pebble yes black pebble no
• They gathered every nine days to discuss issues
• He made the athenians the govt
• Normal greeks could be heroes in polotics
• Part 2
• 508 BC
• In athens pandomonium rules streets
• Ordindary people wanted freedom and turned on rulers
• Cleisthenes
• He gave them freedom to govern themselves
• Aristocrat a rich person who ruled
• Cleisthenes was an aristocrat
• Acropolis- it’s the outcropping of rock where athens was founded
• Many farmers and tradesmen lived in athens
• Life expectancy at birth was less than 15 years
• No science medicine, reading and writing was a rare skill
• Aristocrats owed everything and the poor people were almost like slaves but they were paid and treated badly so they were not
• Greece wasn’t a place that had geography to be great
• They had no main rivers or open planes
• Greece was very mountanis
• Because they were separated they all became small countries called city states
• Each had theit own cultures and histories
• Sparta was a big city state made for military, discipline, and war
• Cleisthenes was brought up by a self interested elite
• Ancient tales of myth inspired greece
• Traveling bards told these stories
• The illiad
• The odyssey
• Homer wrote these
• These stories were all about heroes
• Cleisthenes wanted to be one of these heroes
• He took these stories to heart
• Tyrant took over greece
• A tyrant is someone who comes in and takes control
• One man came in with a tall woman who said she was athena the man said she said he was destined to be ruler and he got rule yo
• Pisistratus was the one who took over cleisthenes was the one who took over